The Direct Outokumpu Nickel (DON) process makes converting unnecessary, which is an important improvement environmentally. Now there is only one low, constant and highly concentrated flow of SO -rich gas from the flash smelting furnace, instead of the greatly fluctuating flow of converter gas of the conventional process.
18-07-2013· Experience of the direct Outokumpu nickel (DON) smelting process gained over the first ten years of operation is reviewed, including the significant environmental impacts. In 1995, production capacity at Harjavalta was increased from 17 000 to 52 000 t/year, by introducing DON technology, additional refinery capacity being based on hydrogen pressure reduction, producing nickel powder …
The Direct Outokumpu Nickel Smelting (DON) Process and the. Outokumpu Harjavalta Metals Oy has been producing nickel since 1962, based on conventional flash smelting technology followed by electrowinning of nickel In the 1980s, a research project was initiated to develop a converterless direct smelting process to produce matte for further refining in the then existing refinery The process was ...
Direct Nickel Process Get continuous production of high-grade nickel matte with low iron content with the Direct Outotec Nickel Flash Smelting Process. When coupled with our slag cleaning process, nickel smelting is straightforward, cost effective, and does not require ladles or complex plant layouts.
Direct Nickel Flash Smelting, Outotec® Direct Blister Flash Smelting Process can be considered, world¶s number one primary copper smelting technology Outotec . Get Price; outotec don nickel.
Processing of PGM Containing Ni/Cu Bulk Concentrates in a Sustainable Way by Outotec Direct Nickel Flash Smelting Process. Satu Jyrkonen. Outotec (Finland), Kuparitie 10; FIN‐28330 Pori, Finland. Search for more papers by this author.
direct Outokumpu nickel DON for Flash Smelting and Converting Furnaces A 50 Year Retrospect Ilkka V Kojo Ari Jokilaakso and Pekka Hanniala Table I Examples of Capacity Increase of Some Flash Smelting Facilities Production Smelter Country % of Original Capacity Huelva Spain more than 400 Harjavalta Finland more than 300
Most often, nickel smelting occurs with flash smelting, in which electricity and oxygen are combined to quickly reach the high temperature needed. Nickel ore must melt until it becomes a product known as liquid matte, which is usually around 45 percent nickel and 55 percent slag or other metals.
Outotec Flash Smelting Process The Outotec Direct Nickel Flash Smelting Process was first implemented at Harjavalta Smelter in Finland Simultaneously with the adoption of the new process, the nickel production was doubled The entire target of the project was to improve the profitability, cut sulphur dioxide emissions, improve the
Using nickel flash smelting technology it is possible to process sulfide nickel concentrate and produce nickel matte and slag in a relatively efficient process. Any materials resulting as smelting and converting slags are recirculated in the electric furnace and recovered where possible as nickel matte. Nickel (Ni) is a silvery-white, hard metal.
The Direct Outokumpu Nickel Smelting (DON) Process and ... Outotec Direct Nickel Flash Smelting (DON). This process enables high-grade nickel matte to be produced using a single flash smelting furnace. It allows. Get price
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Direct Nickel Process Outotec. Get continuous production of highgrade nickel matte with low iron content with the Direct Outotec Nickel Flash Smelting Process When coupled with our slag cleaning process nickel smelting is straightforward cost effective and does not require ladles or
Home portfolio direct nickel process get continuous production of highgrade nickel matte with low iron content with the direct outotec nickel flash smelting process when coupled with our slag cleaning process nickel smelting is straightforward cost …
A thermodynamic model has been developed to predict the distribution behavior of Ni, Cu, Co, Fe, S, As, Sb, and Bi in the Outokumpu flash-smelting process, the Outokumpu direct high-grade matte smelting process, and the INCO flash-smelting process. In this model, as many as 16 elements (Ni, Cu, Co, Fe, As, Sb, Bi, S, O, Al, Ca, Mg, Si, N, C, and H) are considered, and two nickel sulfide ...
Direct Blister Flash Smelting is a natural choice for higher-grade copper concentrates due to its lower capital investment costs. Outotec Direct Nickel Flash Smelting (DON) This process enables high-grade nickel matte to be produced using a single flash smelting furnace. It allows: 433KB: 8. Nickel Flash Smelting.
direct nickel flash smelting. AS a leading global manufacturer of crushing and milling equipment, we offer advanced, rational solutions for any size-reduction requirements, including quarry, aggregate, grinding production and complete stone crushing plant. Free Consulting Online
Producing bulk concentrates and treating them by Outotec Direct Nickel Flash Smelting (DON) to matte and then hydrometallurgical refining, offers a reliable route from concentrate to product.
Nickel, a naturally occurring element, is ubiquitous in the environment, especially in the divalent state It was identified in the middle of the 18th century and its extraction process developed in the middle of the 19th century In Finland, primary nickel production takes place by the direct high-grade nickel matte flash smelting process.
10-03-2021· Direct Nickel Process Get continuous production of high-grade nickel matte with low iron content with the Direct Outotec Nickel Flash Smelting Process. When coupled with our slag cleaning process, nickel smelting is straightforward, cost effective, and does not require ladles or complex plant layouts.